AI 模型和平台
OpenAI 荣誉共享机器人.txt 信号用于AI培训首选项
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OpenAI 宣布于2026年10月30日表示将尊重机器人.txt中的共享信号，文件网站用来表达对其内容使用方式的偏好，因此网站运营商可以同时向多个参与供应商传达单一AI培训偏好。
横跨供应商的自愿共享信号
OpenAI在公告中称这项努力是自愿的，称解决了现有的负担：直到现在，网站运营商必须确定个人爬行者，并为每个提供者分别维持规则。 一个共享信号，称公司让出版商和网站运营商同时向多个参与供应商传达同样的偏好。 OpenAI 称旨在未来几个月内实施信号，并在完成后与执行细节分享另一个更新。
称公司的新信号不会取代它通过机器人.txt已经提供的控制，称将继续应用并得到尊重。 OpenAI将此举设定为借鉴了互联网工程任务组AI优惠工作组正在进行的工作，称正与其他工作组参与者一起发布公告，并鼓励其他AI供应商尊重信号。 称将随着标准对话的发展而继续调整其做法。
信号是如何工作的
由Anthropic的Kevin Kelley编写，日期为2026年10月30日，至2027年5月3日。 IETF的数据跟踪器指出认为个人的互联网-草案没有得到IETF的认可，在IETF标准进程中没有正式的地位。
在草案下，一个服务运营商通过在用户-Agent线上以每个目的政策符号键入的写普通机器人.txt组来约束使用偏好，如“没有AI训练”。 推出草案没有新的指令名称，也没有新的语法：路径语言，最长的匹配优先级，以及作为RFC 9309发布的机器人.txt标准的组结构不变。 因此，通过互联网部署的现有解析器称草案将一如既往地继续解释交通管理信号，并将忽略政策数据组，因为任何组别都会命名他们不认识的用户agent。
草案定义了交叉复仇政策标志 usage ai-training. 其实例组将“用户-Agent: usage ai-training”与“Disallow: /”和“Allow: /press-kit/”对齐，表示倾向于对所有路径进行人工智能培训，但/press-kit/下的道路除外。 Wildcard groups，意为"用户-Agent:*"，不得解释为匹配政策符号，如果文件中没有组包含该符号，那么就没有表示偏好。
草案还规定，政策标志不是爬行行为的指令。 内容-使用偏好和爬行器交通管理信号是独立的和正交的，它为称，私人协议可能压倒通过机制表达的偏好。 它宣称的目标包括路径特定约束，距离RFC 9309的最小距离，规则没有大规模重复，不执行机制的剖析者的行为没有改变，以及消费者之间一致的解释。
信号后面的词汇
该标志的意义跟踪了工作组词汇草稿，即 " 表示AI使用权的词汇表 " (草案-itf-aprif-vocab-08)，由开放未来的Paul Keller和Mozilla的Martin Thomson编写，最近一次更新是在2026年9月，作为工作组文件，意在作为拟议标准。 该词汇定义AI Training是使用一种资产来修改基因AI模型的学习参数，不包括完全用于非基因任务的模型的培训，它将基因AI模型定义为用于或提供使用的一种或多种方式生成合成内容的一种。
词汇还定义了一个单独的AI Use分类，涵盖作为输入基因AI模型而不是由用户直接提供的资产，以及一个主要目的是选择资产和引导用户前往其所在地的应用程序的搜索分类。 每个类别都得到允许的、不允许的或未知的优惠价值，如果声明有冲突，则适用最限制性的优惠。 词汇草案指出，它没有确保偏好得到遵循，而是将是否遵循的选择留给接受者，给读者的说明提醒说，其内容尚未反映工作组的共识。 一部分仍被跟踪列为一个未决问题，其中指出，遵守培训偏好包括传达与培训资产有关的偏好，以及分发时的模式。
训练标志草案承认姓名工作组的主席是Cloudflare的Mark Nottingham和Cisco的Suresh Krishnan，词汇编辑是Thomson和Keller，负责地区主任是Akamai的Mike Bishop。 他们还列出了个人参与者名单，仅因IETF参与者作为个人贡献而注明其隶属关系，这些组织包括：OpenAI,Google,Microsoft,Meta,Cloudflare，共同爬行基金会，新闻公司，金融时报，BBC，电子前沿基金会，以及创意共同公司。
OpenAI 现有的爬行控制
OpenAI的爬行者文件(称公司将保留在新信号旁)将GPTBot描述为agent，爬行内容可用于训练其基因化的AI基础模型；否决GPTBot表示不应将一个站点的内容用于训练。 审调局-SearchBot在ChatGPT的搜索功能中显示网站，选择退出的网站不会在ChatGPT搜索答案中显示，尽管它们仍然可以作为导航链接出现。 审调局-AdsBot验证了作为ChatGPT广告提交的网页的安全性，它收集的数据不用于培训基因AI基础模型。 ChatGPT-User处理ChatGPT中用户动作引发的页面访问，而不是自动爬行，文档指出机器人.txt规则可能不适用于这些访问。
根据文件，每个设置都独立于其他设置，因此网站管理员可以允许审调处-SearchBot在搜索结果中出现，同时不允许GPTBot接受培训。 搜索调整可能需要在网站的机器人更新后24小时左右。 txt. OpenAI 称将在未来几个月执行共享信号时分享执行细节。
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AI Models & Platforms
OpenAI to Honor Shared Robots.txt Signal for AI Training Preferences
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OpenAI announced on October 30, 2026 that it will honor a shared signal in robots.txt, the file websites use to express preferences about how their content is used, so that site operators can communicate a single AI training preference to multiple participating providers at once.
A Voluntary Signal Shared Across Providers
In its announcement, OpenAI described the effort as voluntary and said it addresses an existing burden: until now, website operators had to identify individual crawlers and maintain separate rules for each and every provider. A shared signal, the company said, lets publishers and website operators communicate the same preference to multiple participating providers at once. OpenAI said it aims to implement the signal in the coming months and will share another update with implementation details when it does.
The company said the new signal will not replace the controls it already provides through robots.txt, which it said will continue to apply and be respected. OpenAI framed the move as drawing on the ongoing work of the Internet Engineering Task Force’s AI Preferences working group, said it is joining other working group participants in making the announcement, and encouraged other AI providers to honor the signal. The company described the step as moving toward an open web where people can publish and discover information and website owners have clearer, simpler ways to communicate their choices about how their content is used, and said it will continue to adapt its practices as those standards conversations evolve.
How the Signal Works
The signal is defined in an individual Internet-Draft titled Machine-Readable Training Preference Signal (draft-kelley-aipref-training-preference-signal-00), authored by Kevin Kelley of Anthropic, dated October 30, 2026 and expiring May 3, 2027. The IETF’s datatracker notes that an individual Internet-Draft is not endorsed by the IETF and has no formal standing in the IETF standards process.
Under the draft, a service operator binds usage preferences, such as “no AI training,” to paths by writing ordinary robots.txt groups keyed by a per-purpose policy token in the User-Agent line. The draft introduces no new directive names and no new grammar: the path language, longest-match precedence, and group structure of the robots.txt standard published as RFC 9309 are unchanged. As a result, the draft says, existing parsers deployed across the internet will continue to interpret traffic-management signals as they did previously and will ignore policy-token groups as they would any group naming a user agent they do not recognize.
The draft defines the cross-vendor policy token __usage_ai-training. Its example group pairs the line “User-Agent: __usage_ai-training” with “Disallow: /” and “Allow: /press-kit/”, which expresses a preference against AI training for all paths except those under /press-kit/. Wildcard groups, meaning “User-Agent: *”, must not be interpreted as matching the policy token, and if no group in a file contains the token, then no preference has been expressed.
The draft also states that the policy token is not a directive for crawling behavior. Content-usage preferences and crawler traffic-management signals are independent and orthogonal, it says, and private agreements may override preferences expressed through the mechanism. Its stated goals include path-specific bindings, minimal distance from RFC 9309, no large-scale duplication of rules, unchanged behavior for parsers that do not implement the mechanism, and consistent interpretation across consumers.
The Vocabulary Behind the Signal
The token’s meaning tracks the working group’s vocabulary draft, A Vocabulary For Expressing AI Usage Preferences (draft-ietf-aipref-vocab-08), written by Paul Keller of Open Future and Martin Thomson of Mozilla and last updated in September 2026 as a working group document intended as a Proposed Standard. That vocabulary defines AI Training as using an asset to modify the learned parameters of a generative AI model, excluding the training of models used for exclusively non-generative tasks, and it defines a generative AI model as one used, or made available for use, to generate synthetic content in one or more modalities.
The vocabulary also defines a separate AI Use category, covering assets used as input to a generative AI model rather than provided directly by a user, and a Search category for applications whose primary purpose is selecting assets and directing users to their locations. Each category receives a preference value of allowed, disallowed, or unknown, and where statements conflict, the most restrictive preference applies. The vocabulary draft states that it does not ensure preferences are followed and leaves the choice of whether to follow them to the recipient, and a note to readers cautions that its contents do not yet reflect working group consensus. One section, whose inclusion is still tracked as an open issue, states that complying with training preferences includes conveying the preferences associated with training assets along with a model when it is distributed.
The training-signal draft’s acknowledgments name working group chairs Mark Nottingham of Cloudflare and Suresh Krishnan of Cisco, vocabulary editors Thomson and Keller, and responsible area director Mike Bishop of Akamai. They also list individual participants, with affiliations noted for identification only because IETF participants contribute as individuals, from organizations including OpenAI, Google, Microsoft, Meta, Cloudflare, the Common Crawl Foundation, News Corp, the Financial Times, the BBC, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, and Creative Commons.
OpenAI’s Existing Crawler Controls
OpenAI’s crawler documentation, which the company said will remain in effect alongside the new signal, describes GPTBot as the agent that crawls content that may be used in training its generative AI foundation models; disallowing GPTBot indicates a site’s content should not be used for that training. OAI-SearchBot surfaces websites in ChatGPT’s search features, and sites that opt out of it will not be shown in ChatGPT search answers, though they can still appear as navigational links. OAI-AdsBot validates the safety of web pages submitted as ads on ChatGPT, and the data it collects is not used to train generative AI foundation models. ChatGPT-User handles page visits triggered by user actions in ChatGPT rather than automatic crawling, and the documentation notes robots.txt rules may not apply to those visits.
Each setting is independent of the others, according to the documentation, so a webmaster can allow OAI-SearchBot to appear in search results while disallowing GPTBot for training. Search adjustments can take about 24 hours after a site’s robots.txt update. OpenAI said it will share implementation details for the shared signal when it implements it in the coming months.
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