称在大量发布数百份手稿后不到一个月就包含了对长期存在的数学问题的解决方案，OpenAI在数学，计算机科学和物理学方面又获得了三个"重大"发现。 这一次的不同之处在于选择由OpenAI描述为“shepherds”的外部专家来指导计算机科学和物理学的成果，而对于数学问题，他们建议释放AI输出，让研究人员通过自己的解释来工作。
OpenAI 宣布三大科学发现和与学者合作的新方式
这一次OpenAI 称正在接受科学家关于如何发布结果的新建议。
OpenAI结果今天加入GitHub:
当地平滑为欧几里得波方程。 证明使用辅助的局部微分方程来确定索格每个空间维度至少两个波的局部平滑。 以及斯坦因的球面限制估计。 正如我们在10月6日发布时所做的那样，我们正在直接发布模型输出。
指证时间假说为假说。 论文给出了一个确定性算法，它精确地计算了在次责任时间和多名空间中满足固定宽度的CNF公式的指派。 3-SAT案反驳了"指示时间假说". 由罗素·英帕格利亚佐，拉马莫汉·帕图里，瑞安·威廉姆斯(英语：Ryan Williams)领导的计算机科学家独立工作组将审查和解释证据。 应该团体的要求，我们正在立即公布这些材料，以便其他人也能审查这些材料。
公司承认，AGMAI的数学顾问小组OpenAI昨天刚刚整理了称，“我们建议AI公司不要采用”先指定某些人接受产出的做法，相反，他们建议，今后人工智能实验室在学术储存库中公布产出，提供精益正规的证明，介绍如何选择问题，为了解结果工作的人员提供资金，并提供其他信息。
物理信息还没有完全发布，而是“从数学上严格证明某些相互作用的量子场理论存在，这些理论包含四个维度的量子场和热量，包括量子铬动力学(QCD)和粒子物理标准模型的统一完成。” OpenAI指出，“大卫·格罗斯将领导包括迈克尔·道格拉斯、亚瑟·贾夫、伊戈尔·克莱巴诺夫和尼基塔·内克拉索夫在内的一个团体，领导这项工作。”
计算机科学合作是称，以证明被广泛认为是真实的指数时间假说(ETH)实际上是虚假的。 OpenAI 称对结果的核查将由三名专家组成的小组指导，其中包括UC San Diego的Russell Ipagliazzo和Ramamohan Paturi，他们是1999年最初提出的小组的成员，以及麻省理工学院教授Ryan Williams。 剧组决定今天在GitHub上发布AI输出写入和精益证。
发布是一封公开信
我们欢迎讨论三个更广泛的问题：
早期获得AI产生的结果、披露利益冲突以及使用未出版材料进行后续研究应有何期望？
信用应如何承认新的发现以及检查、确定、简化、解释和扩展这些发现的工作？
我们如何能够支持学生和研究人员改变方法和研究方向，同时保持质疑结果和发展新思想所需的理解和判断？
数学的突破也有类似的文献记载，它的模型“证明了局部的平滑猜想在每一个维度，因此也解决了卡凯亚猜想和斯坦因在各个维度的限制猜想 ”。 就在几个月前，纽约大学教授洪旺因解决卡凯亚猜想的三个维度而获得国际数学联合会颁发的著名的菲尔兹奖章。
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Less than a month after its mass release of hundreds of manuscripts that it said contained solutions to long-standing mathematics questions, OpenAI is back with three more “major” discoveries in math, computer science, and physics. What’s different this time is the choice to have external experts that OpenAI describes as “shepherds” guiding the results in computer science and physics, while for the math problem it says that they advised it to release the AI output for researchers to work through their own explanations.
OpenAI announces three big science discoveries and a new way to work with academics
This time OpenAI says it’s taking new advice from scientists on how to release the results.
OpenAI results added to GitHub today:
Local smoothing for the Euclidean wave equation. The proof uses an auxiliary partial differential equation to establish Sogge’s local smoothing for waves in every spatial dimension at least two. It also yields the Kakeya maximal and dimension conjectures and Stein’s spherical restriction estimates throughout the interior of the conjectured range. We are releasing the model output directly, as we did in our October 6 release.
The Exponential Time Hypothesis is False. The paper gives a deterministic algorithm that exactly counts satisfying assignments of fixed-width CNF formulas in subexponential time and polynomial space. The case of 3-SAT refutes the Exponential Time Hypothesis. An independent working group of computer scientists led by Russell Impagliazzo, Ramamohan Paturi, and Ryan Williams will examine and explain the proof. At the group’s request, we are making the materials public immediately so others can examine them as well.
This approach could have its own issues, the company admits, and the AGMAI panel of math advisers OpenAI put together just said yesterday that “we recommend that AI companies do not adopt” the practices of designating certain people to receive the output first, citing unequal access, borrowed reputation, and biased selection as a few of the issues. Instead, they recommended that in the future, AI labs release output on scholarly repositories, with Lean-formalized proofs, info on how the problems were chosen, funding for people working on understanding the results, and other information.
The physics information has not been released in full, but is a “mathematically rigorous existence proof of certain interacting quantum field theories containing gauge fields and fermions in four dimensions, including Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and a unified completion of the Standard Model of particle physics.” According to OpenAI, “David Gross will lead a group including Michael Douglas, Arthur Jaffe, Igor Klebanov, and Nikita Nekrasov that will shepherd this work.”
The computer science collaboration is said to prove that the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH), which has been widely believed to be true, is actually false. OpenAI says verification of the result will be guided by a group of three experts that includes UC San Diego’s Russell Impagliazzo and Ramamohan Paturi, who were part of the group that originally proposed it in 1999, as well as MIT professor Ryan Williams. The group decided to release the AI output write-up and Lean proof on GitHub today.
They also released an open letter to the community asking for input on how to examine the claim, and about setting norms for dealing with AI-generated breakthroughs:
We would welcome discussion of three broader questions:
What expectations should govern early access to AI-generated results, disclosure of conflicts of interest, and the use of unpublished material for subsequent research?
How should credit recognize both new discoveries and the work of checking, fixing, simplifying, explaining, and extending them?
How can we support students and researchers as methods and research directions change, while preserving the understanding and judgment needed to question results and develop new ideas?
There’s similar documentation for the math breakthrough, where its model “produced a proof of the local smoothing conjecture in every dimension and therefore also resolve the Kakeya conjecture and Stein’s restriction conjecture in all dimensions.” Just a few months ago, NYU professor Hong Wang was awarded a prestigious Fields Medal by the International Mathematical Union for resolving the Kakeya conjecture in three dimensions.
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